Toney Mountain - Revision history

Westarctica: added links to new articles

2025-06-09T17:10:47Z

added links to new articles

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:10, 9 June 2025
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	[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg\|thumb\|Map of Toney Mountain]]		[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg\|thumb\|Map of Toney Mountain]]
	'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated [[snow]]-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 meters at Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) southwest of the [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].		'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated [[snow]]-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 meters at [[Richmond Peak]], located 56 km (35 mi) southwest of the [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].

	==Geology==		==Geology==
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	* [[Williamson Ridge]]		* [[Williamson Ridge]]
	* [[Downs Cone]]		* [[Downs Cone]]
			* [[Spitz Ridge]]
			* [[Richmond Peak]]
			* [[Scudder Peak]]
			* [[Gillett Nunataks]]
			* [[Nicholson Rock]]

	==External links==		==External links==

Westarctica: /* Features */ added link to Downs Cone

2020-06-08T19:57:02Z

Features: added link to Downs Cone

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:57, 8 June 2020
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	* [[Creehan Cliff]]		* [[Creehan Cliff]]
	* [[Williamson Ridge]]		* [[Williamson Ridge]]
			* [[Downs Cone]]

	==External links==		==External links==

Westarctica: grammar correction

2019-03-04T17:24:08Z

grammar correction

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:24, 4 March 2019
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	[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg\|thumb\|Map of Toney Mountain]]		[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg\|thumb\|Map of Toney Mountain]]
	'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated [[snow]]-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 meters at Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) southwest of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].		'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated [[snow]]-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 meters at Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) southwest of the [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].

	==Geology==		==Geology==

Westarctica at 02:24, 4 February 2019

2019-02-04T02:24:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:24, 4 February 2019
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	[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg\|thumb\|Map of Toney Mountain]]		[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg\|thumb\|Map of Toney Mountain]]
	'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated snow-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 meters at Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) southwest of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].		'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated [[snow]]-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 meters at Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) southwest of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].

	==Geology==		==Geology==
	Toney Mountain is an elongated volcanic massif that rises from a basaltic plateau. A 3 km-wide summit caldera tops the volcano, and is elongated in east-west direction; this orientation is shared with calderas on other volcanoes in Westarctica and reflects regional tectonic stress. The slopes of the volcano feature parasitic vents and glacial corries, and are much steeper north of the volcano than south of it. Most of the mountain is covered by [[ice]] and its eastern sector may be a crater. ~~That~~ the mountain is mostly ice covered ~~makes~~ it difficult to determine its composition, the origin of the elongated shape of the volcano and the volcanological relation between the parasitic cinder cones and the main volcanic pile. Its volume may be about 2,800 cubic kilometers (670 cu mi).		Toney Mountain is an elongated volcanic massif that rises from a basaltic plateau. A 3 km-wide summit caldera tops the volcano, and is elongated in east-west direction; this orientation is shared with calderas on other volcanoes in Westarctica and reflects regional tectonic stress. The slopes of the volcano feature parasitic vents and glacial corries, and are much steeper north of the volcano than south of it. Most of the mountain is covered by [[ice]] and its eastern sector may be a crater. Because the mountain is mostly [[ice]] covered, it is difficult to determine its composition, the origin of the elongated shape of the volcano, and the volcanological relation between the parasitic cinder cones and the main volcanic pile. Its volume may be about 2,800 cubic kilometers (670 cu mi).

	The plateau and parasitic cones are formed by hawaiite and the few outcrops on the main volcano by benmoreite and comendite. They contain phenocrysts of olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene and titanaugite in the former and of clinopyroxene, feldspar and olivine.		The plateau and parasitic cones are formed by hawaiite and the few outcrops on the main volcano by benmoreite and comendite. They contain phenocrysts of olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene and titanaugite in the former and of clinopyroxene, feldspar and olivine.

Westarctica: added external link

2019-02-03T22:51:08Z

added external link

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:51, 3 February 2019
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	Toney Mountain was probably among those viewed from a distance by Admiral Byrd and others of the U.S. Antarctic Survey in plane flights from the ship ''Bear'' in February 1940. It was mapped in December 1957 by the oversnow traverse party from Byrd Station to the Sentinel Range, 1957–58, led by C.R. Bentley who proposed the name.		Toney Mountain was probably among those viewed from a distance by Admiral Byrd and others of the U.S. Antarctic Survey in plane flights from the ship ''Bear'' in February 1940. It was mapped in December 1957 by the oversnow traverse party from Byrd Station to the Sentinel Range, 1957–58, led by C.R. Bentley who proposed the name.

	~~Named~~ after George R. Toney, scientific leader at [[Byrd Station]] in 1957, a participant in several Antarctic and Arctic operations, serving in both field and administrative capacities.		The mountain was after [[George R. Toney]], the scientific leader at [[Byrd Station]] in 1957. Toney was also a participant in several Antarctic and Arctic operations, serving in both field and administrative capacities.

	==Features==		==Features==
	* [[Creehan Cliff]]		* [[Creehan Cliff]]
	* [[Williamson Ridge]]		* [[Williamson Ridge]]

			==External links==
			* [http://polenet.org/toney-mountain POLENET monitoring site for Toney Mountain]

	[[Category:Geography of Westarctica]]		[[Category:Geography of Westarctica]]
	[[Category:Volcanoes]]		[[Category:Volcanoes]]

Westarctica at 07:11, 25 January 2019

2019-01-25T07:11:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:11, 25 January 2019
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	[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg\|thumb\|Map of Toney Mountain]]		[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg\|thumb\|Map of Toney Mountain]]
	'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated snow-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 ~~m in~~ Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) SW of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].		'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated snow-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 meters at Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) southwest of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].

	==Geology==		==Geology==
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	An age of 9.1 million years ago has been obtained on a basaltic lava flow beneath the volcano, and it has been inferred that the basal plateau formed between 10.1 and 9.1 million years ago. The massif is younger, with ages ranging from 1 million years in its lower parts to 500,000 years ago. Holocene eruptions may have also occurred at Toney Mountain as indicated by 30 kyr ash layers in ice cores from [[Byrd Station]], although [[Mount Takahe]] and [[Mount Waesche]] are also candidates. During that time period, a number of volcanic eruptions occurred in [[Antarctica]] as recorded by ash layers in ice; this coincides with the coldest period of the Wisconsin glaciation and it is possible that the effects of ash clouds from the Antarctic eruptions caused this period of cold global temperatures. On the other hand, it is also possible that growing ice sheets during this period compressed magma chambers and thus triggered explosive eruptions.		An age of 9.1 million years ago has been obtained on a basaltic lava flow beneath the volcano, and it has been inferred that the basal plateau formed between 10.1 and 9.1 million years ago. The massif is younger, with ages ranging from 1 million years in its lower parts to 500,000 years ago. Holocene eruptions may have also occurred at Toney Mountain as indicated by 30 kyr ash layers in ice cores from [[Byrd Station]], although [[Mount Takahe]] and [[Mount Waesche]] are also candidates. During that time period, a number of volcanic eruptions occurred in [[Antarctica]] as recorded by ash layers in ice; this coincides with the coldest period of the Wisconsin glaciation and it is possible that the effects of ash clouds from the Antarctic eruptions caused this period of cold global temperatures. On the other hand, it is also possible that growing ice sheets during this period compressed magma chambers and thus triggered explosive eruptions.
	[[File:Inspecting the GPS antenna at Toney Mountain.jpg\|thumb\|Inspecting the GPS antenna at Toney Mountain]]		[[File:Inspecting the GPS antenna at Toney Mountain.jpg\|thumb\|Inspecting the GPS antenna at Toney Mountain]]
	Toney Mountain lies in a tectonically and volcanically active region of Antarctica. There, a layer of basaltic rocks up to 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) thick underlie a series of felsic volcanic edifices. These basaltic rocks in turn are emplaced above a Paleozoic basement with granite intrusions of Devonian-Cretaceous, which crops out in some mountain ranges. Beneath Toney Mountain, the basaltic floor rises from an elevation of 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) beneath sea level, and the volcano is situated on the floor of a graben. The region is further characterized by a 500 by 1,200 kilometers (310 mi × 750 mi) large dome-like uplift, part of the West Antarctic Rift, and it may reflect the presence of a stationary hotspot.		Toney Mountain lies in a tectonically and volcanically active region of [[Antarctica]]. There, a layer of basaltic rocks up to 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) thick underlie a series of felsic volcanic edifices. These basaltic rocks in turn are emplaced above a Paleozoic basement with granite intrusions of Devonian-Cretaceous, which crops out in some mountain ranges. Beneath Toney Mountain, the basaltic floor rises from an elevation of 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) beneath sea level, and the volcano is situated on the floor of a graben. The region is further characterized by a 500 by 1,200 kilometers (310 mi × 750 mi) large dome-like uplift, part of the West Antarctic Rift, and it may reflect the presence of a stationary hotspot.

	==Discovery and name==		==Discovery and name==
	Toney Mountain was probably among those viewed from a distance by Admiral Byrd and others of the U.S. Antarctic Survey in plane flights from the ship ''Bear'' in February 1940. It was mapped in December 1957 by the oversnow traverse party from Byrd Station to the Sentinel Range, 1957–58, led by C.R. Bentley who proposed the name.		Toney Mountain was probably among those viewed from a distance by Admiral Byrd and others of the U.S. Antarctic Survey in plane flights from the ship ''Bear'' in February 1940. It was mapped in December 1957 by the oversnow traverse party from Byrd Station to the Sentinel Range, 1957–58, led by C.R. Bentley who proposed the name.

	Named after George R. Toney, scientific leader at Byrd Station in 1957, a participant in several Antarctic and Arctic operations, serving in both field and administrative capacities.		Named after George R. Toney, scientific leader at [[Byrd Station]] in 1957, a participant in several Antarctic and Arctic operations, serving in both field and administrative capacities.

	==~~Williamson Ridge~~==		==Features==
	[[~~Williamson Ridge~~]] ~~is a low snow-covered ridge, 10 nautical miles (18 km) long and 2 to 5 nautical miles (9 km) wide, that forms a western extension of Toney Mountain.~~		* [[Creehan Cliff]]
			* [[Williamson Ridge]]
	~~In March 2005,~~ [[~~Duke of Sherman\|Jorge Fernandez Vidal]], Westarctica's [[Minister of the Treasury~~]] ~~was granted the title Marquis of Williamson and given Williamson Ridge as a gift of the crown.~~

	[[Category:Geography of Westarctica]]		[[Category:Geography of Westarctica]]
	[[Category:Volcanoes]]		[[Category:Volcanoes]]

Westarctica at 20:43, 7 May 2018

2018-05-07T20:43:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:43, 7 May 2018
Line 12:		Line 12:

	==Discovery and name==		==Discovery and name==
	Toney Mountain was probably among those viewed from a distance by Admiral Byrd and others of the U.S. Antarctic Survey in plane flights from the ship ''Bear'' in February 1940. It was mapped in December 1957 by the oversnow traverse party from Byrd Station to the [[Sentinel Range]], 1957–58, led by C.R. Bentley who proposed the name.		Toney Mountain was probably among those viewed from a distance by Admiral Byrd and others of the U.S. Antarctic Survey in plane flights from the ship ''Bear'' in February 1940. It was mapped in December 1957 by the oversnow traverse party from Byrd Station to the Sentinel Range, 1957–58, led by C.R. Bentley who proposed the name.

	Named after George R. Toney, scientific leader at Byrd Station in 1957, a participant in several Antarctic and Arctic operations, serving in both field and administrative capacities.		Named after George R. Toney, scientific leader at Byrd Station in 1957, a participant in several Antarctic and Arctic operations, serving in both field and administrative capacities.

Westarctica at 21:32, 31 March 2018

2018-03-31T21:32:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:32, 31 March 2018
Line 1:		Line 1:
	''Toney Mountain'' is an elongated snow-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 m in Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) SW of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].		[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg\|thumb\|Map of Toney Mountain]]
			'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated snow-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 m in Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) SW of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].

	==Geology==		==Geology==
Line 7:		Line 8:

	An age of 9.1 million years ago has been obtained on a basaltic lava flow beneath the volcano, and it has been inferred that the basal plateau formed between 10.1 and 9.1 million years ago. The massif is younger, with ages ranging from 1 million years in its lower parts to 500,000 years ago. Holocene eruptions may have also occurred at Toney Mountain as indicated by 30 kyr ash layers in ice cores from [[Byrd Station]], although [[Mount Takahe]] and [[Mount Waesche]] are also candidates. During that time period, a number of volcanic eruptions occurred in [[Antarctica]] as recorded by ash layers in ice; this coincides with the coldest period of the Wisconsin glaciation and it is possible that the effects of ash clouds from the Antarctic eruptions caused this period of cold global temperatures. On the other hand, it is also possible that growing ice sheets during this period compressed magma chambers and thus triggered explosive eruptions.		An age of 9.1 million years ago has been obtained on a basaltic lava flow beneath the volcano, and it has been inferred that the basal plateau formed between 10.1 and 9.1 million years ago. The massif is younger, with ages ranging from 1 million years in its lower parts to 500,000 years ago. Holocene eruptions may have also occurred at Toney Mountain as indicated by 30 kyr ash layers in ice cores from [[Byrd Station]], although [[Mount Takahe]] and [[Mount Waesche]] are also candidates. During that time period, a number of volcanic eruptions occurred in [[Antarctica]] as recorded by ash layers in ice; this coincides with the coldest period of the Wisconsin glaciation and it is possible that the effects of ash clouds from the Antarctic eruptions caused this period of cold global temperatures. On the other hand, it is also possible that growing ice sheets during this period compressed magma chambers and thus triggered explosive eruptions.
			[[File:Inspecting the GPS antenna at Toney Mountain.jpg\|thumb\|Inspecting the GPS antenna at Toney Mountain]]
	Toney Mountain lies in a tectonically and volcanically active region of Antarctica. There, a layer of basaltic rocks up to 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) thick underlie a series of felsic volcanic edifices. These basaltic rocks in turn are emplaced above a Paleozoic basement with granite intrusions of Devonian-Cretaceous, which crops out in some mountain ranges. Beneath Toney Mountain, the basaltic floor rises from an elevation of 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) beneath sea level, and the volcano is situated on the floor of a graben. The region is further characterized by a 500 by 1,200 kilometers (310 mi × 750 mi) large dome-like uplift, part of the West Antarctic Rift, and it may reflect the presence of a stationary hotspot.		Toney Mountain lies in a tectonically and volcanically active region of Antarctica. There, a layer of basaltic rocks up to 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) thick underlie a series of felsic volcanic edifices. These basaltic rocks in turn are emplaced above a Paleozoic basement with granite intrusions of Devonian-Cretaceous, which crops out in some mountain ranges. Beneath Toney Mountain, the basaltic floor rises from an elevation of 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) beneath sea level, and the volcano is situated on the floor of a graben. The region is further characterized by a 500 by 1,200 kilometers (310 mi × 750 mi) large dome-like uplift, part of the West Antarctic Rift, and it may reflect the presence of a stationary hotspot.

Westarctica: Created page with "''Toney Mountain'' is an elongated snow-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 m in Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) SW of Kohler Range in We..."

2018-03-31T21:13:32Z

Created page with "''Toney Mountain'' is an elongated snow-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 m in Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) SW of Kohler Range in We..."

New page

''Toney Mountain'' is an elongated snow-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 m in Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) SW of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]].

==Geology==
Toney Mountain is an elongated volcanic massif that rises from a basaltic plateau. A 3 km-wide summit caldera tops the volcano, and is elongated in east-west direction; this orientation is shared with calderas on other volcanoes in Westarctica and reflects regional tectonic stress. The slopes of the volcano feature parasitic vents and glacial corries, and are much steeper north of the volcano than south of it. Most of the mountain is covered by [[ice]] and its eastern sector may be a crater. That the mountain is mostly ice covered makes it difficult to determine its composition, the origin of the elongated shape of the volcano and the volcanological relation between the parasitic cinder cones and the main volcanic pile. Its volume may be about 2,800 cubic kilometers (670 cu mi).

The plateau and parasitic cones are formed by hawaiite and the few outcrops on the main volcano by benmoreite and comendite. They contain phenocrysts of olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene and titanaugite in the former and of clinopyroxene, feldspar and olivine.

An age of 9.1 million years ago has been obtained on a basaltic lava flow beneath the volcano, and it has been inferred that the basal plateau formed between 10.1 and 9.1 million years ago. The massif is younger, with ages ranging from 1 million years in its lower parts to 500,000 years ago. Holocene eruptions may have also occurred at Toney Mountain as indicated by 30 kyr ash layers in ice cores from [[Byrd Station]], although [[Mount Takahe]] and [[Mount Waesche]] are also candidates. During that time period, a number of volcanic eruptions occurred in [[Antarctica]] as recorded by ash layers in ice; this coincides with the coldest period of the Wisconsin glaciation and it is possible that the effects of ash clouds from the Antarctic eruptions caused this period of cold global temperatures. On the other hand, it is also possible that growing ice sheets during this period compressed magma chambers and thus triggered explosive eruptions.

Toney Mountain lies in a tectonically and volcanically active region of Antarctica. There, a layer of basaltic rocks up to 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) thick underlie a series of felsic volcanic edifices. These basaltic rocks in turn are emplaced above a Paleozoic basement with granite intrusions of Devonian-Cretaceous, which crops out in some mountain ranges. Beneath Toney Mountain, the basaltic floor rises from an elevation of 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) beneath sea level, and the volcano is situated on the floor of a graben. The region is further characterized by a 500 by 1,200 kilometers (310 mi × 750 mi) large dome-like uplift, part of the West Antarctic Rift, and it may reflect the presence of a stationary hotspot.

==Discovery and name==
Toney Mountain was probably among those viewed from a distance by Admiral Byrd and others of the U.S. Antarctic Survey in plane flights from the ship ''Bear'' in February 1940. It was mapped in December 1957 by the oversnow traverse party from Byrd Station to the [[Sentinel Range]], 1957–58, led by C.R. Bentley who proposed the name.

Named after George R. Toney, scientific leader at Byrd Station in 1957, a participant in several Antarctic and Arctic operations, serving in both field and administrative capacities.

==Williamson Ridge==
[[Williamson Ridge]] is a low snow-covered ridge, 10 nautical miles (18 km) long and 2 to 5 nautical miles (9 km) wide, that forms a western extension of Toney Mountain.

In March 2005, [[Duke of Sherman|Jorge Fernandez Vidal]], Westarctica's [[Minister of the Treasury]] was granted the title Marquis of Williamson and given Williamson Ridge as a gift of the crown.

[[Category:Geography of Westarctica]]
[[Category:Volcanoes]]