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[[File:Scott of the Antarctic.jpg|thumb|left]]
[[File:Emperor Penguins-Snow Hill Island.jpg|thumb|200px|left]]
'''Captain Robert Falcon Scott''' (6 June 1868 – 29 March 1912) was a British Royal Navy officer and explorer who led two expeditions to the [[Antarctica|Antarctic]] regions: the Discovery Expedition (1901–1904) and the ill-fated Terra Nova Expedition (1910–1913). On the first expedition, he set a new southern record by marching to latitude 82°S and discovered the Polar Plateau, on which the [[South Pole]] is located. On the second venture, Scott led a party of five which reached the South Pole on 17 January 1912, less than five weeks after [[Roald Amundsen]]'s Norwegian expedition. A planned meeting with supporting dog teams from the base camp failed, despite Scott's written instructions, and at a distance of 150 miles from their base camp and 11 miles from the next depot, Scott and his companions perished. '''([[Robert Falcon Scott|Full Article...]])'''
The '''emperor penguin''' (''Aptenodytes forsteri'') is the tallest and heaviest of all living [[penguin]] species and is endemic to [[Antarctica]]. The male and female are similar in plumage and size, reaching 122 cm (48 in) in height and weighing from 22 to 45 kg (49 to 99 lb). The dorsal side and head are black and sharply delineated from the white belly, pale-yellow breast and bright-yellow ear patches. Like all penguins it is flightless, with a streamlined body, and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine habitat.
 
Its diet consists primarily of fish, but can also include crustaceans, such as [[krill]], and cephalopods, such as [[glacial squid|squid]]. In hunting, the species can remain submerged up to 18 minutes, diving to a depth of 535 m (1,755 ft). It has several adaptations to facilitate this, including an unusually structured hemoglobin to allow it to function at low oxygen levels, solid bones to reduce barotrauma, and the ability to reduce its metabolism and shut down non-essential organ functions. '''([[Emperor penguin|Full Article...]])'''
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