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[[File:MountToneyMap.jpg|thumb|Map of Toney Mountain]] | [[File:MountToneyMap.jpg|thumb|Map of Toney Mountain]] | ||
'''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated snow-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 meters at Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) southwest of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]]. | '''Toney Mountain''' is an elongated [[snow]]-covered shield volcano, 60 km (38 mi) long and rising to 3,595 meters at Richmond Peak, located 56 km (35 mi) southwest of [[Kohler Range]] in [[Westarctica]]. | ||
==Geology== | ==Geology== | ||
Toney Mountain is an elongated volcanic massif that rises from a basaltic plateau. A 3 km-wide summit caldera tops the volcano, and is elongated in east-west direction; this orientation is shared with calderas on other volcanoes in Westarctica and reflects regional tectonic stress. The slopes of the volcano feature parasitic vents and glacial corries, and are much steeper north of the volcano than south of it. Most of the mountain is covered by [[ice]] and its eastern sector may be a crater. | Toney Mountain is an elongated volcanic massif that rises from a basaltic plateau. A 3 km-wide summit caldera tops the volcano, and is elongated in east-west direction; this orientation is shared with calderas on other volcanoes in Westarctica and reflects regional tectonic stress. The slopes of the volcano feature parasitic vents and glacial corries, and are much steeper north of the volcano than south of it. Most of the mountain is covered by [[ice]] and its eastern sector may be a crater. Because the mountain is mostly [[ice]] covered, it is difficult to determine its composition, the origin of the elongated shape of the volcano, and the volcanological relation between the parasitic cinder cones and the main volcanic pile. Its volume may be about 2,800 cubic kilometers (670 cu mi). | ||
The plateau and parasitic cones are formed by hawaiite and the few outcrops on the main volcano by benmoreite and comendite. They contain phenocrysts of olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene and titanaugite in the former and of clinopyroxene, feldspar and olivine. | The plateau and parasitic cones are formed by hawaiite and the few outcrops on the main volcano by benmoreite and comendite. They contain phenocrysts of olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene and titanaugite in the former and of clinopyroxene, feldspar and olivine. | ||