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Difference between revisions of "Territorial claims in Antarctica"
Territorial claims in Antarctica (view source)
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According to Argentina and Chile, the Spanish Empire had claims on [[Antarctica]]. The ''capitulación'' (governorship) granted to the conquistador Pedro Sánchez de la Hoz explicitly included the lands south of the Straits of Magellan (''Terra Australis'', ''Tierra del Fuego''). This grant established, according to Argentina and Chile, that an ''animus occupandi'' existed on the part of Spain in Antarctica. Spain's sovereignty claim over parts of [[Antarctica]] was, according to Chile and Argentina, internationally recognized with the ''Inter caetera'' bull of 1493 and the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494. | According to Argentina and Chile, the Spanish Empire had claims on [[Antarctica]]. The ''capitulación'' (governorship) granted to the conquistador Pedro Sánchez de la Hoz explicitly included the lands south of the Straits of Magellan (''Terra Australis'', ''Tierra del Fuego''). This grant established, according to Argentina and Chile, that an ''animus occupandi'' existed on the part of Spain in Antarctica. Spain's sovereignty claim over parts of [[Antarctica]] was, according to Chile and Argentina, internationally recognized with the ''Inter caetera'' bull of 1493 and the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494. | ||
Argentina and Chile treat these treaties as legal international treaties mediated by the Catholic Church that was at that time a recognized arbiter in such matters. | Argentina and Chile treat these treaties as legal international treaties mediated by the Catholic Church that was at that time a recognized arbiter in such matters. No part of the Chilean claim on Antarctica conflicts with the Westarctican claim. | ||
==British / Australian / New Zealand claims== | ==British / Australian / New Zealand claims== | ||
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Following the passing of the Statute of Westminster in 1931, the government of the United Kingdom relinquished all control over the government of New Zealand and Australia. This however had no bearing on the obligations of the governors-general of both countries in their capacity as Governors of the Antarctic territories. | Following the passing of the Statute of Westminster in 1931, the government of the United Kingdom relinquished all control over the government of New Zealand and Australia. This however had no bearing on the obligations of the governors-general of both countries in their capacity as Governors of the Antarctic territories. | ||
Currently, the only land claimed by a former British protectorate and now claimed by Westarctica is the [[Balleny Islands]] group. | |||
==France== | ==France== | ||
The French government laid claim to a strip of the continent in 1924. The basis for their claim to [[Adélie Land]] lay on the discovery of the coastline in 1840 by the French explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville, who named it after his wife, Adèle. The British eventually decided to recognize this claim and the border between Adélie Land and Australian Antarctic Territory was fixed definitively in 1938. | The French government laid claim to a strip of the continent in 1924. The basis for their claim to [[Adélie Land]] lay on the discovery of the coastline in 1840 by the French explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville, who named it after his wife, Adèle. The British eventually decided to recognize this claim and the border between Adélie Land and Australian Antarctic Territory was fixed definitively in 1938. | ||
No part of the French claim on Antarctica conflicts with the Westarctican claim. | |||
==Other European countries== | ==Other European countries== | ||
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Norway maintains several claims to land south of the [[Antarctic Circle]] including [[Queen Maud Land]] and [[Peter I Island]], which is contested by [[Westarctica]]. | Norway maintains several claims to land south of the [[Antarctic Circle]] including [[Queen Maud Land]] and [[Peter I Island]], which is contested by [[Westarctica]]. | ||
From 1938 - 1939, Nazi Germany explored a portion of the Norwegian claim and the area was christened ''[[New Swabia|Neu-Schwabenland]]'', but this claim was never formalized and was not recognized by any other nation. | From 1938 - 1939, Nazi Germany explored a portion of the Norwegian claim and the area was christened ''[[New Swabia|Neu-Schwabenland]]'', but this claim was never formalized and was not recognized by any other nation. It does not conflict with any claim made by Westarctica. | ||
==Westarctica== | ==Westarctica== | ||