Difference between revisions of "Westarctica"
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|data1 = <center><font size="3.5px">'''Grand Duchy of Westarctica'''</font></center> | |data1 = <center><font size="3.5px">'''Grand Duchy of Westarctica'''</font></center> | ||
|data2 = <hr> | |data2 = <hr> | ||
|data5 = <table width=100% cellspacing="20" style="background-color:transparent;"><tr><td width=50%>[[File:Flag_of_Westarctica.jpg]]<br> | |data5 = <table width=100% cellspacing="20" style="background-color:transparent;"><tr><td width=50%>[[File:Flag_of_Westarctica.jpg|180px]]<br>Flag</td><td>[[File:Westarctica Arms - Full.png|100px]]<br>Coat of Arms</td></tr></table> | ||
|data6 = <hr> | |data6 = <hr> | ||
|data7 = Motto<br>'''''Fortune Favors the Bold.''''' | |data7 = Motto<br>'''''Fortune Favors the Bold.''''' | ||
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|data9 = | |data9 = | ||
|data10 = | |data10 = | ||
|data11 = [[File: | |data11 = [[File:Westarctica Map.jpg|350px]]<br><small>Claimed area of Westarctica.</small> | ||
|data12 = <hr> | |data12 = <hr> | ||
|label13 = Capital city | |label13 = Capital city | ||
Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
|label14 = Largest city | |label14 = Largest city | ||
|data14 = [[Russkaya Station|Russkaya Station]] | |data14 = [[Russkaya Station|Russkaya Station]] | ||
|label15 = | |label15 = Official language(s) | ||
|data15 = English, German | |data15 = English, German | ||
|label16 = | |label16 = | ||
|data16 = | |data16 = | ||
| | |label17 = Demonym | ||
| | |data17 = ''Westarctican'' | ||
|label18 = National Anthem | |||
|data18 = [[Westarctica, Land of the Brave]] | |||
|data19 = <hr> | |data19 = <hr> | ||
|label22 = | |label22 = Government | ||
|data22 = Constitutional Monarchy | |data22 = Constitutional Monarchy | ||
|label24 = Head of State | |label24 = Head of State | ||
|data24 = [[ | |data24 = [[Grand Duke Travis]] | ||
|label25 = Head of Government | |label25 = Head of Government | ||
|data25 = | |data25 = [[Baron of Hull Bay|Prime Minister Brendan Cook]] | ||
|label26 = Senate Leader | |||
|data26 = Duke of Denfeld | |||
|data27 = <hr> | |data27 = <hr> | ||
|label28 = [[ | |label28 = Legislature | ||
| | |data28 = [[Senate of Westarctica]] | ||
|data31 = | |label29 = Senators | ||
|label32 = | |data29 = 11 | ||
|data32 = 02 November | |label30 = Last Elections | ||
|data30 = 20 February 2023 | |||
|data31 = <hr> | |||
|label32 = Formation | |||
|data32 = 02 November 2001 | |||
|label35 = Area Claimed | |label35 = Area Claimed | ||
|data35 = | |data35 = 1.6 million km<sup>2</sup> | ||
|label36 = | |label36 = Population | ||
|data36 = 2,150 <small>(2018 estimate)</small> | |data36 = 2,150 <small>(2018 estimate)</small> | ||
|label37 = [[ | |label37 = Currency | ||
|data37 = [[ice mark|Westarctica ice mark]]<br>[[WestarcticaCoin]] <small>(cryptocurrency, formerly)<br></small> | |||
[[Westarctican Dollar]] <small>(formerly)</small> | |||
|data44 = <hr> | |data44 = <hr> | ||
|data45 = '''[http://www.westarctica.info/ Official website]''' | |data45 = '''[http://www.westarctica.info/ Official website]''' | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Westarctica''', | '''Westarctica''', formally known as the '''Grand Duchy of Westarctica''' and previously known as the '''Protectorate of Westarctica''' and the '''Achaean Territory of Antarctica''', is a [[micronation]] situated primarily in the western portion of the continent of [[Antarctica]] and including all territory south of 60°S latitude and between 90° and 150°W longitude, without exception. It also includes[[Peter I Island]] (previously [[Norwegian Antarctic claim|claimed by Norway]]). | ||
In 2001 [[Grand Duke Travis|Travis McHenry]] laid [[Territorial claims in Antarctica|claim]] to the largest contiguous portion of Westarctica by filing a [[Claimant Letter|claimant letter]] with nine world governments that have also expressed legal claims of ownership to portions of the continent (though none to the sector claimed by McHenry). The territory consists mostly of [[Marie Byrd Land]] and a proportion of [[Ellsworth Land]]. | |||
Westarctica has no year round residents, although seasonal research stations are located in the region. The nation of Westarctica was founded through a loophole in the [[Antarctic Treaty]]. | |||
=== | ==History== | ||
===The Achaean Territory (2001 - 2004)=== | |||
::''Main article: [[Achaean Territory of Antarctica]]'' | |||
[[ | In the pages of the CIA World Factbook, Travis McHenry first discovered the unique international political situation in [[Antarctica]]. Under the section titled “Disputes – International” one line of text made his breath catch in his throat and set him on a course that would forever change his life: "''no formal claims have been made in the sector between 90 degrees west and 150 degrees west''". At first, the future Grand Duke Travis decided to name his claimed lands as [[Achaean Territory of Antarctica|The Achaean Territory of Antarctica]], having been inspired by Greek imagery of ''The Illiad'', which he was reading at the time. | ||
Over time, like-minded individuals occasionally reached out with a desire to join his cause for statehood in the coldest place on earth. What drove them to his door remains a mystery, but it appears that each person had their own reasons for wanting to abscond to a desolate realm on the far side of the world. Despite the Achaean Territory's growing citizenship roster, they made absolutely no progress toward actual colonization of Antarctica. | The proposed capital city was to be named "Achilles" and would be located at the site of the seasonally abandoned [[Byrd Station]]. | ||
Over time, like-minded individuals occasionally reached out with a desire to join his cause for statehood in the coldest place on earth. What drove them to his door remains a mystery, but it appears that each person had their own reasons for wanting to abscond to a desolate realm on the far side of the world. Despite the Achaean Territory's growing citizenship roster, they made absolutely no progress toward actual colonization of [[Antarctica]]. Scientists wouldn't return e-mails, and few people took the upstart group seriously. Even the simple goal of convincing someone to plant the [[Flag of Westarctica|Achaean flag]] in the [[ice]] of [[Marie Byrd Land]] seemed well out of reach. | |||
=== Westarctica is Born (2004 - 2006) === | === Westarctica is Born (2004 - 2006) === | ||
[[File:Grand_Duke_Travis.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Grand Duke Travis, the founder of Westarctica, photographed by Gabriela Alvarez for the Associated Press, April 2015.]] | |||
In June 2004, Travis had a [[Religion in Westarctica|religious experience]] that caused him to briefly convert to Christianity. As a result of this conversion, he decided to reboot the project and declare it a fully functional [[sovereignty|sovereign]] nation. The new country was called "The Grand Duchy of Westarctica". The name "Westarctica" was carefully chosen to evoke images of Western Antarctica, and also as an homage to the Napoleonic Kingdom of [[Westphalian model|Westphalia]]. Plus, the name rolls off the tongue far better than ''West-ANT-arctica''. | |||
The years from 2004 – 2006 were the high times of Westarctica's prestige. Travis married his girlfriend, [[Marquise of Walgreen|Cathryn]], who wore a tiara during the wedding ceremony and proudly joined the ranks of the [[Peerage of Westarctica]]. When she gave birth to [[Prince Daniel Nicholas]] in November of 2005, it was a time of excitement for everyone in the nation. With a little help from the [[Westarctica in the Media|international media]], public interest in Westarctica increased, and citizenship requests began arriving on a daily basis. The general public was fascinated by Westarctica and by the concept of an individual claiming previously-unclaimed land. | |||
The Associated Press had run a story on new country projects that made mention of [[Grand Duke Travis]] and Westarctica. Unfortunately, his supervisors at his day job in the [[United States Navy]] didn't find the concept of Westarctica as fascinating as their civilian contemporaries. He was given a choice: either end his association with Westarctica, or lose his security clearance and thus his job. So in January 2006, Travis contacted his closest friend in the [[Government of Westarctica|Westarctican government]], Philip Karns, the [[Duke of Ravencroft]], and [[Minister of Information]], to ask if he would be willing to take over the reins of government. Philip accepted, and on 14 January 2006, the founder of Westarctica [[Abdication of Grand Duke Travis|abdicated the throne]]. | |||
===The Reign of Two Grand Dukes (2006 - 2010)=== | |||
====Grand Duke Philip==== | |||
[[File:Westarctica Quarterly - Issue 2.png|200px|thumb|Issue of ''Westarctica Quarterly'' released by Grand Duke Philip in 2006]] | |||
[[Grand Duke Philip]] ascended to the throne at a time when Westarctica was internally strong and prosperous. His first 100 days in office were marked by progress and creativity. He published an eight-page newsletter called ''[[Westarctica Quarterly]]'', which, most significantly, had lengthy articles written by every member of the [[Grand Ducal Cabinet|Westarctican government]]. Things were progressing nicely until Westarctica's [[Ellsworth King of Arms|Chief Herald]], the [[Duke of Moulton-Berlin]], began to feel as though he was being attacked in Westarctica's online forums. The internal squabbling led to the departure of most members of Westarctica's leadership team. | |||
After spending a mere 10 months on the throne, Grand Duke Philip's health began to deteriorate and he slowly withdrew from public life. To the outside world, it appeared that Westarctica had become stagnant. The forums were devoid of activity, the nobles had disappeared, and the new Grand Duke was silent. Many people wondered if the country was finished. The final blow to Westarctica's prestige came when Grand Duke Philip allowed the [[Westarctica Domain Name|official website]] for the nation to go defunct. | |||
Even a neglected website can provide some information to visitors and interested parties; however, the Grand Duke failed to re-register the westarctica.com domain name and the web address fell into the hands of a domain parking service. | |||
On 23 June 2008, Travis received an impassioned e-mail from the [[Duke of Moulton-Berlin]], Jon-Lawrence Langer, a fellow Pennsylvania native and longtime citizen of Westarctica. In the e-mail, he asked some very important questions, and made some profound statements about how the intrepid vision behind Westarctica had changed his life. After a chain of e-mails and phone calls back and forth, Travis and Jon-Lawrence were able to convince Grand Duke Philip to step down from the throne. His final words before abdication were tired, but honest: "''If they want it, the crown is theirs''." | |||
====Grand Duke Jon-Lawrence==== | |||
[[File:JL Langer.png|thumb|250px|Grand Duke Jon-Lawrence]] | |||
Jon-Lawrence eagerly replied, "''I invite the challenge''." And without further delay, the throne, crown, and full dictatorial power of Westarctica was [[2008 Transition of Power|peacefully passed from one citizen to another]]. In response, the new [[Grand Duke of Westarctica]] launched ''westarctica.org'', and proudly proclaimed the restoration of [[Government of Westarctica|Westarctica's government]] after his ascension to the throne. After the new website was launched, the world was once again interested in the goings-on in Westarctica. | |||
Within the first six months of his ascension to the throne, Grand Duke Jon-Lawrence was faced with multiple attacks on Westarctica's [[sovereignty]]. All the individuals who had made claims to [[Marie Byrd Land]] while Philip was incommunicado suddenly rose to the surface and started questioning the status of Travis McHenry's [[Territorial claims in Antarctica|claim]]. The new [[Grand Duke]] took a heavy-handed approach in dealing with the challengers, issuing ultimatums that left no wiggle room for negotiation. | |||
At the Grand Duke's behest, Wolf Tulier, the [[Duke of Waesche|Count of Waesche]], had been communicating with many of the challengers, and was making steady progress with friendly discussions. Jon-Lawrence couldn't see their side of the argument, however, and promptly ordered Wolf to cease communication with the usurpers. A series of legal threats and firm refusals to negotiate followed, culminating the the [[Siple War]]. By late 2009, Westarctica was right back where it had started: isolated and internally fractured. Things went downhill rapidly, and on 24 November 2009, Jon-Lawrence sent Travis an e-mail expressing his weariness at running the nation. | |||
===The Founder Returns (2010 - 2014)=== | |||
::''Main article: [[The Great Return]]'' | |||
Throughout the month of May in the year 2010, Wolf, as [[Minister of Defense]], was in constant contact with the former [[Grand Duke Travis]] in regard to [[Foreign relations of Westarctica|Westarctican affairs]]. There was great concern that the nation had once again fallen into a spate of non-activity and was again relegated to the dustbin of world history. Wolf enthusiastically encouraged Travis to return to a position of leadership, and offered to be of service in any way necessary. He desperately wanted to fulfill the resolution to the conflicting claims that he had negotiated in previous years. Many of the claimants had become respected new country leaders in their own right, with the [[Grand Duchy of Flandrensis]] garnering even more press coverage than Westarctica. | |||
Travis attempted e-mailing and calling Jon-Lawrence on numerous occasions, but the missing monarch never returned any of the emails or calls. Wolf pressed for a course of action, insisting that the best choice would be for Travis to return to Westarctica and take his place as leader of the nation. The primary reason for Travis' return to Westarctica was to restore the good name and dignity of the project he had created and to raise our country's prestige once again in the eyes of the world. He sent one final plea for cooperation to Jon-Lawrence before [[The Great Return|seizing control of the country in a coup]] on 26 May 2010. | |||
By the end of the following week, he had purchased a [[Westarctica Domain Name|new domain name]] (www.westarctica.info) and established a new website promoting a [[Transitional Government]] that was now firmly in power. Jon-Lawrence had been overthrown by Travis' own hand, and Wolf was elevated to the role of [[Prime Minister of Westarctica|Prime Minister]]. Despite his reluctance to assume the throne, Travis was declared [[Grand Duke of Westarctica|Grand Duke]] again on 4 June 2010 during his 30th birthday while celebrating in a suite at the Grand Californian Hotel. The [[Viscount of Whitmore]] was in attendance and grunted his approval. Count Waesche ascended to the dignity of [[Duke]] and assumed full responsibility for the [[Foreign relations of Westarctica|foreign]] and domestic affairs of the nation. Wolf immediately [[West-Antarctic Treaty|negotiated a peace treaty]] with all of the rival claimants, allowing laWestarctica to successfully reclaim her dignity. | |||
===Westarctica, Inc. (2014 - Present)=== | |||
[[File:West-Corporate-Logo.png|thumb|450px|Westarctica's corporate logo]] | |||
On the eve of Westarctica's 13th Anniversary, the Grand Duke realized that he could be more effective as an advocate for [[Marie Byrd Land]] if he took the bold step to turn his new country project into a nonprofit corporation whose stated purpose aligned perfectly with the original goals envisioned when the territory was first claimed. The text of the [[Claimant Letter]] emphasized protection of environmental and animal resources in [[Antarctica]], and becoming a tax-exempt organization with legal standing as a corporation would allow Westarctica to transition from a [[micronation]] into an international charity capable fighting [[Global warming|climate change]] on a global scale. | |||
On 21 November 2014, Travis filed an application with the state of California to make Westarctica, Incorporated a legally recognized nonprofit public benefit corporation. His request was approved and officially registered on 5 December 2014. As a nonprofit entity, Westarctica Incorporated would achieve more than ever before, becoming a beacon for increased awareness of the perpetually neglected western side of Antarctica. Westarctica's first major accomplishment as a nonprofit corporation was being granted non-consultative status as a non-governmental organization by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs on 20 January 2015. | |||
===Tax-exempt status=== | |||
On 10 October 2018, Westarctica was granted tax-exempt status (back-dated to 26 July 2018 and received on 19 October 2018) by the Internal Revenue Service of the United States of America. This status gives all donors to Westarctica the ability to receive a tax-deduction on their end of year tax filing. | |||
It also made Westarctica the first [[micronation]] in the world to be legally exempt from paying taxes to any world government. | |||
==Territory== | |||
::''See also: [[Index of geographic features in Westarctica]]'' | |||
===The Westarctican mainland=== | |||
[[File:Antarctica.svg.png|350px|thumb|Map showing the Antarctic Continent]] | |||
The bulk of Westarctican territory consists of the entirety of [[Marie Byrd Land]], but is more specifically defined as all land south of 60° S and between 90° W and 150° W to include all seas and [[ice shelf|ice shelves]]. This wedge lies between the [[Territorial claims in Antarctica|territorial claims]] of Chile and New Zealand and extends from the [[Antarctic Circle]] to the [[South Pole]], where it joins and abuts all [[Territorial claims in Antarctica|other claimed portions]] of the continent. Rather than adhere to the Law of the Sea's concept of an Exclusive Economic Zone, which grants ownership of all ocean territory 200 nmi (370 km) from a country's coastline, Westarctica's claimed territory encompasses all of the [[Amundsen Sea]] and the western portion of the [[Bellingshausen Sea]]. | |||
The term "Westarctican mainland" generally includes all islands off the coast unclaimed by any other nation, including the islands of [[Thurston Island|Thurston]], [[Steventon Island|Steventon]], and [[Wright Island|Wright]] as well as many of the islands in the [[Marshall Archipelago]] and dozens of other islands along the coast of the country. | |||
After the reformation of the Grand Duchy into a protectorate in October 2010, on the advice of the [[Transitional Government]], Grand Duke Travis reduced the Westarctican claim in order to join the [[Antarctic Micronational Union]] and recognize other micronational claims in Western Antarctica. This decision was made official after the signing of the [[West-Antarctic Treaty]]. | |||
====Thurston Island and the Eights Coast==== | |||
The easternmost region of Westarctica that contains notable features occurs along the coastline and consists of the various islands stretching from [[Dendtler Island]] in the far east through the various islands of [[Pine Island Bay]] and is dominated by the very large [[Thurston Island]]. Along the continent's coast, the features of the [[Eights Coast]] are part of this region, including the [[Jones Mountains]] and the [[Canisteo Peninsula|Canisteo]] and [[King Peninsula]]s. | |||
====The Two Peninsulas==== | |||
Westarctica's next region is dominated by two of its principle peninsulas, the [[Martin Peninsula]] and the [[Bear Peninsula]]. It stretches inland to include [[Mount Takahe]], [[Toney Mountain]], and the [[Crary Mountains]], and contains the [[Dotson Ice Shelf|Dotson]] and [[Crosson Ice Shelf|Crosson Ice Shelves]]. | |||
====The Other Big Islands==== | |||
Further west are Westartcica's other two major island features, [[Carney Island]] and [[Siple Island]] as well as the smaller [[Wright Island|Wright]], [[Dean Island|Dean]], and [[Grant Island]]s as well as the [[Getz Ice Shelf]]. There are no inland features in this part of the coast. | |||
===Peter I Island=== | |||
[[File:Peter I Island Map.jpg|thumb|400px|Map of Peter I Island]] | |||
[[Peter I Island]] is 11 by 19 kilometers (6.8 by 11.8 mi) long and 156 square kilometers (60 sq mi), slightly larger than Staten Island, New York. It lies 450 kilometers (280 mi) away from mainland Westarctica. The island was annexed by [[Norwegian Antarctic claim|Norway in 1931]]. Although the island falls within the boundaries of the [[Claimant Letter|claimant letter]], Peter I Island was not specifically mentioned, and its status as a part of Westarctica was up to interpretation. To remedy this, it was specifically annexed from Norway by Westarctica in 2005. Neither annexation has been recognized by the signatory states of the [[Antarctic Treaty]]. | |||
Peter I Island is the physical capital of Westarctica. | |||
The eldest son of the Grand Duke, [[Prince Ashton Roman]], once held the [[courtesy title]] "[[Viceroy]] of Peter I Island." Given Peter I Island's status as a capital district, not an actual territory, this title was purely ceremonial and was abolished in March 2024. | |||
===Overlapping Claim With Flandrensis=== | |||
In 2008, during a perceived period of inactivity from the Westarctcan government, the [[Grand Duchy of Flandrensis]] was established, laying claim to five islands off the coasts of West Antarctica: [[Siple Island]], [[Cherry Island]], [[Maher Island]], [[Pranke Island]], and [[Carney Island]], and based its claim on an interpretation of the 1959 [[Antarctic Treaty]]. | |||
These five Islands are still claimed as part of the Westarctican mainland, but are administered as a special district within the nation, out of respect for the now-allied Flandrensis. | |||
The | ==Colonial Possessions== | ||
[[File:March to Hooverville.png|500px|thumb|The Westarctican Royal Guards in the Colony of Calsahara]] | |||
Westarctica claims jurisdiction and ownership over several areas that are not contiguous with [[Achaean Territory of Antarctica|the territory originally claimed]] by [[Grand Duke Travis|Travis McHenry]] in 2001, and are not considered part of Westarctica proper. These pieces of land are administered as autonomous colonial possessions and are ruled on behalf of the [[Grand Duke of Westarctica|Grand Duke]] by [[viceroy]]s holding the full authority of the Crown of Westarctica. | |||
The [[ | ===The Balleny Islands=== | ||
The [[Balleny Islands]] are a series of uninhabited islands in the [[Southern Ocean]] extending from 66°15' to 67°35'S and 162°30' to 165°00'E. The group extends for about 160 km (99 mi) in a northwest-southeast direction. They are located within the [[Ross Dependency]] and were originally claimed first by the United Kingdom and then by New Zealand before being annexed by Westarctica in 2005. | |||
[[ | Since their annexation, the islands had been administered by the [[Duke of Sherman]] as Governor of the Balleny Islands, but on 15 March 2024, the Grand Duke's eldest son, [[Crown Prince Ashton Roman]] was appointed Viceroy of the Balleny Islands. The Duke of Sherman still serves as President of the Colonial Parliament and advisor to the viceroy. | ||
=== | ===Colony of Calsahara=== | ||
Originally known as the [[Colony of Calsahara|Kingdom of Calsahara]], the 120 acre territory is a colony of Westarctica located entirely within the U.S. state of California near the unincorporated community of California Valley on the [[Carrizio Plain]]. Calsahara was founded by [[Grand Duke Travis|Travis McHenry]] on 24 November 2009, and existed as an independent [[sovereignty|sovereign]] state until it was conquered without resistance during the [[Invasion of Calsahara]] by the [[Westarctican Royal Guards]] on 29 October 2017. | |||
Calsahara is ruled by the [[Viceroy]] of Calsahara, [[Prince Daniel Nicholas]], who represents the royal authority of the Grand Duke, as well as the [[Captain-General of Calsahara]], [[Captain-General Kramer|Damien Kramer]], who assists with the administration and management of the Colony. | |||
[[File: | ===Protectorate of Kolios=== | ||
[[File:Kolios Boundaries modern.png|450|thumb|Kolios' borders imposed on a modern-day aerial view of the location]] | |||
Established as a 120-acre Kingdom on 20 September 1995, [[Protectorate of Kolios|Kolios]] spent the majority of its time prior to becoming a protectorate of Westarctica as the Principality of Kolios within the [[Empire of Agber]]. During the tenure with Agber, the primary focus of Kolios was the culture surrounding Renaissance Fairs and other forms of creative anachronism. | |||
At the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, one of the founders reconnected with the project, leading it to join the larger online [[micronation|micronational community]]. When its then-reigning Princess Arlene decided to go back to medical school, she announced that she was abdicating the throne. After lengthy consideration, [[Duke of the Bear Peninsula|her successor]] declared his intent to place Kolios under Westarctica as a protectorate. This transfer, solidified in the [[Marana Accords]], took place on 27 February 2022, with Prince Garibald having worn the crown for less than 36 hours. | |||
[[Grand Duke Travis]]' authority is consolidated in Kolios in the role of the Viceroy of Kolios, which is currently filled by Jordan Farmer. Kolios' citizens select the Chancellor, who serves as their collective voice in the colonial government. The current Chancellor is Ella Westerly. | |||
=== | ===Colony of Raphania=== | ||
Previously known as the Grand Emirate of [[Raphania]], this territory is made up of two separate tracts of land found in Arizona, totaling 1.48 acres. Raphania was founded on 12 April 2022, although its origins go back earlier during a time when the area was known as the "Desert Realm of Raphastan". It became a territory of Westarctica on 19 November 2022 as a result of the [[Westarctica-Raphania War]]. | |||
Travis | Within Raphania, Grand Duke Travis holds the role of Sultan, although he is commonly referred to by his Westarctican title. Day-to-day operations are overseen by the viceroy, [[Sir Charles Ross|Prince Charles]]. Unlike other holdings within the Westarctican conservancy of territories, Raphania is unique in that the role of [[viceroy]] is hereditary. | ||
==Government== | |||
[[File:Royal Council Ministers.jpg|450px|thumb|Government of Westarctica in 2021]] | |||
::''Main article: [[Government of Westarctica]]'' | |||
Throughout the nation's history, the government itself has been as small as one person, but today, has more than 50 individuals serving in various roles. This includes the members of the [[Royal Council]] and the many [[Honorary Consular Corps|Honorary Consuls]] who represent Westarctica's global interests around the world. | |||
===Grand Duke of Westarctica=== | |||
According to the [[Constitution of Westarctica]], the [[Grand Duke of Westarctica]] bears overall responsibility for the daily management of the [[Government of Westarctica]]. He is assisted in this task by the many functionaries of his government. | |||
[[Grand Duke Travis]], as the founder of the nation, has also been it's longest-serving leader and has wielded significant influence over the governance of Westarctica. In addition to passing laws through [[Royal Decrees]], he manages the [[Peerage of Westarctica]] and serves as the ''font of honor'' for the [[orders of Westarctica]]. Although the 2020 Constitution transformed Westarctica into a Constitutional Monarchy, in practice the Grand Duke may still exercise near-autocratic authority in times of crisis. | |||
The Crown of Westarctica is hereditary and the [[Grand Duke]] is required by law to provide a [[Succession to the Crown and Throne of Westarctica|list of potential successors]], although these successors have the right to refuse the crown. | |||
File: | |||
File: | ===Prime Minister=== | ||
[[File:Baron Hull Bay.jpg|300px|thumb|Prime Minister Brendan Cook, the Duke of Steventon]] | |||
The [[Prime Minister of Westarctica]] is democratically elected to serve a four-year term in office. From 2010 - 2017, this role was appointed by the Grand Duke, but since 2019 has been an elected position. | |||
In addition to managing the ministers of the Royal Council, the Prime Minister also serves as the Upper House of the legislature, the [[Senate of Westarctica]]. In this capacity, he approves the country's laws, known as [[Westarctican Ordinance]]s. | |||
Since February 2023, the Prime Minister is the [[Duke of Steventon]]. | |||
===Royal Council=== | |||
The [[Royal Council]] is comprised of positions in two categories: Ministries and other Council-Level Positions. | |||
Appointments to Ministry postings are made by the Prime Minister, with confirmation by the [[Grand Duke of Westarctica|Grand Duke]]. Other Council-Level Positions (often called Directors or Commissioners, but also military appointments) are made solely at the discretion of the Grand Duke. These typically cover, but are not limited to, areas of concern not already addressed by an existing Ministry. | |||
As of 28 March 2024, there are nine posts on the Royal Council. | |||
===The Senate=== | |||
The [[Senate of Westarctica]] is a body of legislators selected from among citizens of Westarctica. It forms the lower portion and general start of the legislative process in Westarctica. Its primary function is to create and pass laws, while aiding in good governance. | |||
Proposals for new laws may be submitted by either a senator or the Prime Minister. Proposed laws must receive a simple majority assent of the total number of seats in the Senate to pass. Proposals that have passed the Senate are then reviewed by the Prime Minister for either approval or denial. Those proposals the Prime Minister approves are passed on to the Sovereign for potential approval and ratification into law. | |||
===Grand Ducal Court=== | |||
The [[Grand Ducal Court]] serves as an independent judicial branch of the government. It is responsible for interpreting [[Laws of Westarctica]] and ensuring they are aligned with the [[Constitution of Westarctica]]. | |||
The Grand Ducal Court may have no more than five Justices. They are appointed for life and may not hold any other position in the government during their tenure. The Chief Justice is the longest-tenured Justice on the Grand Ducal Court and is responsible for presiding over the Court. The Chief Justice serves on the [[Royal Council]] as a legal advisor to the Grand Duke, although they are still independent from the executive branch | |||
==Peerage== | |||
The [[Peerage of Westarctica]] comprises all noble titles created in Westarctica from 2004 to the present day. The institution is technically older than Westarctica itself, having come into existence when the first noble titles were created for citizens of the [[Achaean Territory of Antarctica]] in 2001. | |||
Peers are recognized as having a voice in the nation's public debates, and their opinions, advice, and counsel, when offered, are to be taken into consideration by the [[Grand Duke of Westarctica|Sovereign]]. | |||
In 2023, management and oversight of the Peerage of Westarctica was brought under the [[Royal Household of Grand Duke Travis]]. | |||
==Military== | |||
::''Main article: [[Westarctican Royal Guards]]'' | |||
[[File:Royal Guards-Icy.jpg|350px|thumb|Composite image of the Westarctica Royal Guards]] | |||
The [[Westarctican Royal Guards]] are Westarctica's military force. The Royal Guards primarily serve in a ceremonial capacity, although they are capable of combat actions as evidenced by the 2017 [[Invasion of Calsahara|liberation of Calsahara]], when the Guards successfully conquered a rival [[micronation]] on the [[Carrizo Plain]] of central California. | |||
There is also a Naval Detachment of the Royal Guards which specialize in Command and Control (C2) training and operations. | |||
Colonial [[Viceroy]]s have the authority to create guard units in their territories, however, these units ultimately serve Westarctica and may be called into action on behalf of the nation when needed. This occurred during the [[Westarctica-Raphania War]] when the National Guard of [[Protectorate of Kolios|Kolios]] was briefly activated, but not actually utilized for combat operations. | |||
Many members of Westarctica's government, [[Peerage of Westarctica|noble Peers]], and citizenry are veterans of various world militaries, especially the [[U.S. Navy]], U.S. Army, and U.S Air Force. | |||
==Foreign affairs== | |||
::''Main article: [[Foreign relations of Westarctica]]'' | |||
In May 2005, Westarctica entered into its first international agreement, a treaty of friendship and recognition with the [[Republic of Molossia]]. This treaty became the go-to template for treaties of many other [[micronation]]s, and portions of the text can still be found in micronational treaties to this day. Since then, Westarctica has signed treaties of friendship and recognition with dozens of other [[micronation]]s from around the world. | |||
Westarctica's foreign affairs are managed by the [[Foreign Minister]]. | |||
The [[Honorary Consular Corps|Honorary Consuls]] are volunteers who serve as representatives of the government of Westarctica in their home countries. They are expected to liaison with other citizens of Westarctica who either reside in their same geographic area or speak their same language. When official diplomatic events occur in their region, the Consuls may be asked to represent Westarctica's interests at these functions. | |||
===Relations with other micronations=== | |||
[[File:Molossia-Stamps.png|400px|thumb|Grand Duke Travis meeting with President Baugh of Molossia in 2017]] | |||
As the country's Head of State, [[Grand Duke Travis]] has undertaken nearly 100 in-person interactions with leaders of other micronations since he first founded Westarctica in 2001. He has visited the [[sovereignty|sovereign]] territory of 12 micronations (as of March 2024), including multiple visits to [[Vikesland]], [[Republic of Molossia]], and the Molossian province of [[Desert Homestead Province|Desert Homestead]]. | |||
Representatives of Westarctica have also attended numerous international summits of micronations, including every [[MicroCon]] event since 2015 and the [[2019 GUM Summit]], among many others. | |||
===Multi-state pacts=== | |||
Westarctica is a party to several intermicronational pacts which have helped craft its relationships with foreign countries. These pacts are considered an important part of Westarctica's [[Foreign relations of Westarctica|foreign affairs program]] and are entered into on an infrequent basis. | |||
* [[West-Antarctic Treaty]] | |||
* [[West-Antarctic Free Alliance]] | |||
* [[Antarctic Micronational Union]] | |||
* [[Conference of Santiago]] | |||
===Relations with UN-member states=== | |||
Since January 2015, Westarctica has enjoyed non-consultative status as a member of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs - NGO Branch. In this capacity, representatives from Westarctica have participated in annual planning sessions with other NGOs to create and implement Sustainable Development Goals on a global scale. | |||
Although Grand Duke Travis has sent nearly a hundred letters to leaders and ministers of foreign governments, only a few have ever replied, including King Norodom Sihamoni of Cambodia in 2020 and Valery Lukin, head of Russia's Antarctic program in 2015. | |||
==Law in Westarctica== | |||
The [[Constitution of Westarctica]] is the highest [[laws of Westarctica|law of Westarctica]]. | |||
[[Grand Ducal Court]] decisions can clarify the implementation of the Constitution and other laws, and are considered an extension of the implementation of the law. These may be rendered obsolete by Constitutional Amendment or a more recent ruling on the same matter (not within a period of five years of the previous ruling). | |||
[[Westarctican Ordinance|Westarctican Ordinances]] originate in the [[Senate of Westarctica]] before approval by the [[Prime Minister of Westarctica|Prime Minister's]] office. Westarctican Ordinances carry the prefix WO and are numbered sequentially by the year they were created. | |||
[[Royal Decrees]] are official proclamations from the [[Grand Duke of Westarctica|Sovereign]]. As laws, they are considered to be of lower authority to Westarctican Ordinances, but are the primary means of codifying matters which fall entirely under Grand Ducal authority. | |||
[[LGBT rights in Westarctica|Rights of the LGBTQ community]] are considered of high importance and protections for them are enshrined in Westarctica's legal codes. | |||
==Culture of Westarctica== | |||
[[File:2018-RoyalHorses.jpg|400px|thumb|King Timothy of Shiloh and Grand Duke Travis at the annual [[Royal Polo Match]]]] | |||
Westarctica has a historically diverse and rich cultural heritage with people from all walks of life, countries, and languages coming together to fight to save the melting ice caps. | |||
Literature, music, and art are cherished by Westarctica's citizens and a [[Minister of Culture]] is responsible for managing programs to encourage these pursuits among the population. These programs also serve as opportunities to share Westarctica's culture with outsiders. | |||
Clothing in Westarctica is generally formal and has long been dominated by militaristic cultural influences, although [[Connecticut Casual]] is often used for informal events or situations necessitating more comfortable attire such as during the annual [[Royal Polo Match]]. | |||
===Holidays in Westarctica=== | |||
There are three types of [[holidays in Westarctica]], each holding a different level of importance for the nation. | |||
* National Holidays (9) - These dates are considered to be the most significant, and will be handled as closure days for the government, as much as is possible. | |||
* Cultural Holidays (10) - These dates are not given any official preference in Westarctica. | |||
* Days of Observance (9) - While not explicitly holidays, these days commemorate people and events of significance to Westarctica. | |||
===Religion in Westarctica=== | |||
The role of [[religion in Westarctica]] is currently an area of only limited social concern by the country's government and peoples. Westarctica distinguishes itself from many other sovereign nations in that it does not place religious restrictions nor enforce religious laws or edicts on any of its citizens, nor does it limit the availability of diplomatic visas for entry or exit from the country's borders for religious reasons. However, previously, religion played a very significant role in the shaping of Westarctica's national character. | |||
On 20 December 2018, [[Grand Duke Travis]] informed the [[Royal Council]] that he had approved the creation of a ecumenical church in Westarctica. The [[Ecumenical Church of Westarctica]] is not a state church, nor does it represent an official religious position of the nation. It was officially incorporated as a church on 25 December 2018, however no activity has come from the church since its inception. | |||
== | ==Orders of chivalry== | ||
[[ | The [[Orders of Westarctica]] are a series of awards (also called "honors") created to recognize exceptional achievements related to the nation of Westarctica, reward dedication and service to the [[Grand Duke of Westarctica|Crown]] or [[Government of Westarctica|government]], and strengthen bonds of friendship between Westarctica and its foreign allies. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Complete name | |||
! Ranks | |||
! Ribbon | |||
! Established | |||
! Criteria | |||
|- | |||
| [[Illustrious Antarctic Order of the Orca]] | |||
| Knight/Dame | |||
|[[File:Orca-Ribbon.png|60px]] | |||
| 10 July 2019 | |||
| Recognition of lifetime service to Westarctica | |||
|- | |||
| [[Order of the Snowflake]] | |||
| Knight/Dame Grand Cross<br>Knight/Dame Grand Commander<br>Knight/Dame Commander<br>Knight/Dame | |||
|[[File:Order-Snowflake-Ribbon.png|60px]] | |||
| 27 January 2015 | |||
| Services to Westarctica, exceptional achievement related to Westarctica's national goals, friendship of foreign allies | |||
|- | |||
| [[Noble Order of Westarctica]] | |||
| Knight<br>Companion | |||
|[[File:Order-Westarctica-Ribbon.png|60px]] | |||
| 1 August 2004 | |||
| Recognizing exceptional nobility in monarchs and peers | |||
|- | |||
| [[Order of the Desert Heart]] | |||
| Grand Knight/Dame Commander<br>Knight/Dame Commander<br>Knight/Dame | |||
|[[File:Order-Desert-Ribbon.png|60px]] | |||
| 20 November 2009 | |||
| Services to Calsahara or recognition of foreign leaders | |||
|- | |||
| [[Order of the Polar Cross]] | |||
| Knight/Dame | |||
|[[File:Silver ribbon.jpg|60px]] | |||
| 18 July 2022 | |||
| Friendship and diplomacy among micronations | |||
|- | |||
| [[Noble Order of the Sword]] | |||
| Knight/Dame Commander<br>Knight/Dame | |||
|[[File:Order-Sword-Ribbon.png|60px]] | |||
| 2 April 2005 | |||
| Military achievement | |||
|- | |||
| [[Legion of Peace]] | |||
| General of the Legion<br>Legionnaire | |||
|[[File:Order-Peace-Ribbon.png|60px]] | |||
| 20 November 2009 | |||
| The promotion of peace | |||
|} | |||
==National symbols == | |||
::''Main article: [[National Symbols of Westarctica]]'' | |||
<center><gallery perrow="5" heights="100px" widths="100px"> | |||
File:Flag_of_Westarctica.jpg|National Flag | |||
File:Westarctica Arms - Full.png|Coat of Arms | |||
File:West-Corporate-Logo.png|Corporate Logo | |||
</gallery></center> | |||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
*[http://www.westarctica.info/ Official website] | *[http://www.westarctica.info/ Official website] | ||
*[http://www.westarctica.org/ Corporate website] | |||
*[https://www.facebook.com/Westarctica/ Official Facebook page] | *[https://www.facebook.com/Westarctica/ Official Facebook page] | ||
[[Category:Micronations]] | |||
[[Category:Featured Articles]] |
Latest revision as of 15:38, 21 April 2024
| |||
Motto Fortune Favors the Bold. | |||
Claimed area of Westarctica. | |||
Capital city | Peter I Island | ||
---|---|---|---|
Largest city | Russkaya Station | ||
Official language(s) | English, German | ||
Demonym | Westarctican | ||
National Anthem | Westarctica, Land of the Brave | ||
Government | Constitutional Monarchy | ||
Head of State | Grand Duke Travis | ||
Head of Government | Prime Minister Brendan Cook | ||
Senate Leader | Duke of Denfeld | ||
Legislature | Senate of Westarctica | ||
Senators | 11 | ||
Last Elections | 20 February 2023 | ||
Formation | 02 November 2001 | ||
Area Claimed | 1.6 million km2 | ||
Population | 2,150 (2018 estimate) | ||
Currency | Westarctica ice mark WestarcticaCoin (cryptocurrency, formerly) Westarctican Dollar (formerly) | ||
Official website |
Westarctica, formally known as the Grand Duchy of Westarctica and previously known as the Protectorate of Westarctica and the Achaean Territory of Antarctica, is a micronation situated primarily in the western portion of the continent of Antarctica and including all territory south of 60°S latitude and between 90° and 150°W longitude, without exception. It also includesPeter I Island (previously claimed by Norway).
In 2001 Travis McHenry laid claim to the largest contiguous portion of Westarctica by filing a claimant letter with nine world governments that have also expressed legal claims of ownership to portions of the continent (though none to the sector claimed by McHenry). The territory consists mostly of Marie Byrd Land and a proportion of Ellsworth Land.
Westarctica has no year round residents, although seasonal research stations are located in the region. The nation of Westarctica was founded through a loophole in the Antarctic Treaty.
History
The Achaean Territory (2001 - 2004)
- Main article: Achaean Territory of Antarctica
In the pages of the CIA World Factbook, Travis McHenry first discovered the unique international political situation in Antarctica. Under the section titled “Disputes – International” one line of text made his breath catch in his throat and set him on a course that would forever change his life: "no formal claims have been made in the sector between 90 degrees west and 150 degrees west". At first, the future Grand Duke Travis decided to name his claimed lands as The Achaean Territory of Antarctica, having been inspired by Greek imagery of The Illiad, which he was reading at the time.
The proposed capital city was to be named "Achilles" and would be located at the site of the seasonally abandoned Byrd Station.
Over time, like-minded individuals occasionally reached out with a desire to join his cause for statehood in the coldest place on earth. What drove them to his door remains a mystery, but it appears that each person had their own reasons for wanting to abscond to a desolate realm on the far side of the world. Despite the Achaean Territory's growing citizenship roster, they made absolutely no progress toward actual colonization of Antarctica. Scientists wouldn't return e-mails, and few people took the upstart group seriously. Even the simple goal of convincing someone to plant the Achaean flag in the ice of Marie Byrd Land seemed well out of reach.
Westarctica is Born (2004 - 2006)
In June 2004, Travis had a religious experience that caused him to briefly convert to Christianity. As a result of this conversion, he decided to reboot the project and declare it a fully functional sovereign nation. The new country was called "The Grand Duchy of Westarctica". The name "Westarctica" was carefully chosen to evoke images of Western Antarctica, and also as an homage to the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia. Plus, the name rolls off the tongue far better than West-ANT-arctica.
The years from 2004 – 2006 were the high times of Westarctica's prestige. Travis married his girlfriend, Cathryn, who wore a tiara during the wedding ceremony and proudly joined the ranks of the Peerage of Westarctica. When she gave birth to Prince Daniel Nicholas in November of 2005, it was a time of excitement for everyone in the nation. With a little help from the international media, public interest in Westarctica increased, and citizenship requests began arriving on a daily basis. The general public was fascinated by Westarctica and by the concept of an individual claiming previously-unclaimed land.
The Associated Press had run a story on new country projects that made mention of Grand Duke Travis and Westarctica. Unfortunately, his supervisors at his day job in the United States Navy didn't find the concept of Westarctica as fascinating as their civilian contemporaries. He was given a choice: either end his association with Westarctica, or lose his security clearance and thus his job. So in January 2006, Travis contacted his closest friend in the Westarctican government, Philip Karns, the Duke of Ravencroft, and Minister of Information, to ask if he would be willing to take over the reins of government. Philip accepted, and on 14 January 2006, the founder of Westarctica abdicated the throne.
The Reign of Two Grand Dukes (2006 - 2010)
Grand Duke Philip
Grand Duke Philip ascended to the throne at a time when Westarctica was internally strong and prosperous. His first 100 days in office were marked by progress and creativity. He published an eight-page newsletter called Westarctica Quarterly, which, most significantly, had lengthy articles written by every member of the Westarctican government. Things were progressing nicely until Westarctica's Chief Herald, the Duke of Moulton-Berlin, began to feel as though he was being attacked in Westarctica's online forums. The internal squabbling led to the departure of most members of Westarctica's leadership team.
After spending a mere 10 months on the throne, Grand Duke Philip's health began to deteriorate and he slowly withdrew from public life. To the outside world, it appeared that Westarctica had become stagnant. The forums were devoid of activity, the nobles had disappeared, and the new Grand Duke was silent. Many people wondered if the country was finished. The final blow to Westarctica's prestige came when Grand Duke Philip allowed the official website for the nation to go defunct.
Even a neglected website can provide some information to visitors and interested parties; however, the Grand Duke failed to re-register the westarctica.com domain name and the web address fell into the hands of a domain parking service.
On 23 June 2008, Travis received an impassioned e-mail from the Duke of Moulton-Berlin, Jon-Lawrence Langer, a fellow Pennsylvania native and longtime citizen of Westarctica. In the e-mail, he asked some very important questions, and made some profound statements about how the intrepid vision behind Westarctica had changed his life. After a chain of e-mails and phone calls back and forth, Travis and Jon-Lawrence were able to convince Grand Duke Philip to step down from the throne. His final words before abdication were tired, but honest: "If they want it, the crown is theirs."
Grand Duke Jon-Lawrence
Jon-Lawrence eagerly replied, "I invite the challenge." And without further delay, the throne, crown, and full dictatorial power of Westarctica was peacefully passed from one citizen to another. In response, the new Grand Duke of Westarctica launched westarctica.org, and proudly proclaimed the restoration of Westarctica's government after his ascension to the throne. After the new website was launched, the world was once again interested in the goings-on in Westarctica.
Within the first six months of his ascension to the throne, Grand Duke Jon-Lawrence was faced with multiple attacks on Westarctica's sovereignty. All the individuals who had made claims to Marie Byrd Land while Philip was incommunicado suddenly rose to the surface and started questioning the status of Travis McHenry's claim. The new Grand Duke took a heavy-handed approach in dealing with the challengers, issuing ultimatums that left no wiggle room for negotiation.
At the Grand Duke's behest, Wolf Tulier, the Count of Waesche, had been communicating with many of the challengers, and was making steady progress with friendly discussions. Jon-Lawrence couldn't see their side of the argument, however, and promptly ordered Wolf to cease communication with the usurpers. A series of legal threats and firm refusals to negotiate followed, culminating the the Siple War. By late 2009, Westarctica was right back where it had started: isolated and internally fractured. Things went downhill rapidly, and on 24 November 2009, Jon-Lawrence sent Travis an e-mail expressing his weariness at running the nation.
The Founder Returns (2010 - 2014)
- Main article: The Great Return
Throughout the month of May in the year 2010, Wolf, as Minister of Defense, was in constant contact with the former Grand Duke Travis in regard to Westarctican affairs. There was great concern that the nation had once again fallen into a spate of non-activity and was again relegated to the dustbin of world history. Wolf enthusiastically encouraged Travis to return to a position of leadership, and offered to be of service in any way necessary. He desperately wanted to fulfill the resolution to the conflicting claims that he had negotiated in previous years. Many of the claimants had become respected new country leaders in their own right, with the Grand Duchy of Flandrensis garnering even more press coverage than Westarctica.
Travis attempted e-mailing and calling Jon-Lawrence on numerous occasions, but the missing monarch never returned any of the emails or calls. Wolf pressed for a course of action, insisting that the best choice would be for Travis to return to Westarctica and take his place as leader of the nation. The primary reason for Travis' return to Westarctica was to restore the good name and dignity of the project he had created and to raise our country's prestige once again in the eyes of the world. He sent one final plea for cooperation to Jon-Lawrence before seizing control of the country in a coup on 26 May 2010.
By the end of the following week, he had purchased a new domain name (www.westarctica.info) and established a new website promoting a Transitional Government that was now firmly in power. Jon-Lawrence had been overthrown by Travis' own hand, and Wolf was elevated to the role of Prime Minister. Despite his reluctance to assume the throne, Travis was declared Grand Duke again on 4 June 2010 during his 30th birthday while celebrating in a suite at the Grand Californian Hotel. The Viscount of Whitmore was in attendance and grunted his approval. Count Waesche ascended to the dignity of Duke and assumed full responsibility for the foreign and domestic affairs of the nation. Wolf immediately negotiated a peace treaty with all of the rival claimants, allowing laWestarctica to successfully reclaim her dignity.
Westarctica, Inc. (2014 - Present)
On the eve of Westarctica's 13th Anniversary, the Grand Duke realized that he could be more effective as an advocate for Marie Byrd Land if he took the bold step to turn his new country project into a nonprofit corporation whose stated purpose aligned perfectly with the original goals envisioned when the territory was first claimed. The text of the Claimant Letter emphasized protection of environmental and animal resources in Antarctica, and becoming a tax-exempt organization with legal standing as a corporation would allow Westarctica to transition from a micronation into an international charity capable fighting climate change on a global scale.
On 21 November 2014, Travis filed an application with the state of California to make Westarctica, Incorporated a legally recognized nonprofit public benefit corporation. His request was approved and officially registered on 5 December 2014. As a nonprofit entity, Westarctica Incorporated would achieve more than ever before, becoming a beacon for increased awareness of the perpetually neglected western side of Antarctica. Westarctica's first major accomplishment as a nonprofit corporation was being granted non-consultative status as a non-governmental organization by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs on 20 January 2015.
Tax-exempt status
On 10 October 2018, Westarctica was granted tax-exempt status (back-dated to 26 July 2018 and received on 19 October 2018) by the Internal Revenue Service of the United States of America. This status gives all donors to Westarctica the ability to receive a tax-deduction on their end of year tax filing.
It also made Westarctica the first micronation in the world to be legally exempt from paying taxes to any world government.
Territory
The Westarctican mainland
The bulk of Westarctican territory consists of the entirety of Marie Byrd Land, but is more specifically defined as all land south of 60° S and between 90° W and 150° W to include all seas and ice shelves. This wedge lies between the territorial claims of Chile and New Zealand and extends from the Antarctic Circle to the South Pole, where it joins and abuts all other claimed portions of the continent. Rather than adhere to the Law of the Sea's concept of an Exclusive Economic Zone, which grants ownership of all ocean territory 200 nmi (370 km) from a country's coastline, Westarctica's claimed territory encompasses all of the Amundsen Sea and the western portion of the Bellingshausen Sea.
The term "Westarctican mainland" generally includes all islands off the coast unclaimed by any other nation, including the islands of Thurston, Steventon, and Wright as well as many of the islands in the Marshall Archipelago and dozens of other islands along the coast of the country.
After the reformation of the Grand Duchy into a protectorate in October 2010, on the advice of the Transitional Government, Grand Duke Travis reduced the Westarctican claim in order to join the Antarctic Micronational Union and recognize other micronational claims in Western Antarctica. This decision was made official after the signing of the West-Antarctic Treaty.
Thurston Island and the Eights Coast
The easternmost region of Westarctica that contains notable features occurs along the coastline and consists of the various islands stretching from Dendtler Island in the far east through the various islands of Pine Island Bay and is dominated by the very large Thurston Island. Along the continent's coast, the features of the Eights Coast are part of this region, including the Jones Mountains and the Canisteo and King Peninsulas.
The Two Peninsulas
Westarctica's next region is dominated by two of its principle peninsulas, the Martin Peninsula and the Bear Peninsula. It stretches inland to include Mount Takahe, Toney Mountain, and the Crary Mountains, and contains the Dotson and Crosson Ice Shelves.
The Other Big Islands
Further west are Westartcica's other two major island features, Carney Island and Siple Island as well as the smaller Wright, Dean, and Grant Islands as well as the Getz Ice Shelf. There are no inland features in this part of the coast.
Peter I Island
Peter I Island is 11 by 19 kilometers (6.8 by 11.8 mi) long and 156 square kilometers (60 sq mi), slightly larger than Staten Island, New York. It lies 450 kilometers (280 mi) away from mainland Westarctica. The island was annexed by Norway in 1931. Although the island falls within the boundaries of the claimant letter, Peter I Island was not specifically mentioned, and its status as a part of Westarctica was up to interpretation. To remedy this, it was specifically annexed from Norway by Westarctica in 2005. Neither annexation has been recognized by the signatory states of the Antarctic Treaty.
Peter I Island is the physical capital of Westarctica.
The eldest son of the Grand Duke, Prince Ashton Roman, once held the courtesy title "Viceroy of Peter I Island." Given Peter I Island's status as a capital district, not an actual territory, this title was purely ceremonial and was abolished in March 2024.
Overlapping Claim With Flandrensis
In 2008, during a perceived period of inactivity from the Westarctcan government, the Grand Duchy of Flandrensis was established, laying claim to five islands off the coasts of West Antarctica: Siple Island, Cherry Island, Maher Island, Pranke Island, and Carney Island, and based its claim on an interpretation of the 1959 Antarctic Treaty.
These five Islands are still claimed as part of the Westarctican mainland, but are administered as a special district within the nation, out of respect for the now-allied Flandrensis.
Colonial Possessions
Westarctica claims jurisdiction and ownership over several areas that are not contiguous with the territory originally claimed by Travis McHenry in 2001, and are not considered part of Westarctica proper. These pieces of land are administered as autonomous colonial possessions and are ruled on behalf of the Grand Duke by viceroys holding the full authority of the Crown of Westarctica.
The Balleny Islands
The Balleny Islands are a series of uninhabited islands in the Southern Ocean extending from 66°15' to 67°35'S and 162°30' to 165°00'E. The group extends for about 160 km (99 mi) in a northwest-southeast direction. They are located within the Ross Dependency and were originally claimed first by the United Kingdom and then by New Zealand before being annexed by Westarctica in 2005.
Since their annexation, the islands had been administered by the Duke of Sherman as Governor of the Balleny Islands, but on 15 March 2024, the Grand Duke's eldest son, Crown Prince Ashton Roman was appointed Viceroy of the Balleny Islands. The Duke of Sherman still serves as President of the Colonial Parliament and advisor to the viceroy.
Colony of Calsahara
Originally known as the Kingdom of Calsahara, the 120 acre territory is a colony of Westarctica located entirely within the U.S. state of California near the unincorporated community of California Valley on the Carrizio Plain. Calsahara was founded by Travis McHenry on 24 November 2009, and existed as an independent sovereign state until it was conquered without resistance during the Invasion of Calsahara by the Westarctican Royal Guards on 29 October 2017.
Calsahara is ruled by the Viceroy of Calsahara, Prince Daniel Nicholas, who represents the royal authority of the Grand Duke, as well as the Captain-General of Calsahara, Damien Kramer, who assists with the administration and management of the Colony.
Protectorate of Kolios
Established as a 120-acre Kingdom on 20 September 1995, Kolios spent the majority of its time prior to becoming a protectorate of Westarctica as the Principality of Kolios within the Empire of Agber. During the tenure with Agber, the primary focus of Kolios was the culture surrounding Renaissance Fairs and other forms of creative anachronism.
At the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, one of the founders reconnected with the project, leading it to join the larger online micronational community. When its then-reigning Princess Arlene decided to go back to medical school, she announced that she was abdicating the throne. After lengthy consideration, her successor declared his intent to place Kolios under Westarctica as a protectorate. This transfer, solidified in the Marana Accords, took place on 27 February 2022, with Prince Garibald having worn the crown for less than 36 hours.
Grand Duke Travis' authority is consolidated in Kolios in the role of the Viceroy of Kolios, which is currently filled by Jordan Farmer. Kolios' citizens select the Chancellor, who serves as their collective voice in the colonial government. The current Chancellor is Ella Westerly.
Colony of Raphania
Previously known as the Grand Emirate of Raphania, this territory is made up of two separate tracts of land found in Arizona, totaling 1.48 acres. Raphania was founded on 12 April 2022, although its origins go back earlier during a time when the area was known as the "Desert Realm of Raphastan". It became a territory of Westarctica on 19 November 2022 as a result of the Westarctica-Raphania War.
Within Raphania, Grand Duke Travis holds the role of Sultan, although he is commonly referred to by his Westarctican title. Day-to-day operations are overseen by the viceroy, Prince Charles. Unlike other holdings within the Westarctican conservancy of territories, Raphania is unique in that the role of viceroy is hereditary.
Government
- Main article: Government of Westarctica
Throughout the nation's history, the government itself has been as small as one person, but today, has more than 50 individuals serving in various roles. This includes the members of the Royal Council and the many Honorary Consuls who represent Westarctica's global interests around the world.
Grand Duke of Westarctica
According to the Constitution of Westarctica, the Grand Duke of Westarctica bears overall responsibility for the daily management of the Government of Westarctica. He is assisted in this task by the many functionaries of his government.
Grand Duke Travis, as the founder of the nation, has also been it's longest-serving leader and has wielded significant influence over the governance of Westarctica. In addition to passing laws through Royal Decrees, he manages the Peerage of Westarctica and serves as the font of honor for the orders of Westarctica. Although the 2020 Constitution transformed Westarctica into a Constitutional Monarchy, in practice the Grand Duke may still exercise near-autocratic authority in times of crisis.
The Crown of Westarctica is hereditary and the Grand Duke is required by law to provide a list of potential successors, although these successors have the right to refuse the crown.
Prime Minister
The Prime Minister of Westarctica is democratically elected to serve a four-year term in office. From 2010 - 2017, this role was appointed by the Grand Duke, but since 2019 has been an elected position.
In addition to managing the ministers of the Royal Council, the Prime Minister also serves as the Upper House of the legislature, the Senate of Westarctica. In this capacity, he approves the country's laws, known as Westarctican Ordinances.
Since February 2023, the Prime Minister is the Duke of Steventon.
Royal Council
The Royal Council is comprised of positions in two categories: Ministries and other Council-Level Positions.
Appointments to Ministry postings are made by the Prime Minister, with confirmation by the Grand Duke. Other Council-Level Positions (often called Directors or Commissioners, but also military appointments) are made solely at the discretion of the Grand Duke. These typically cover, but are not limited to, areas of concern not already addressed by an existing Ministry.
As of 28 March 2024, there are nine posts on the Royal Council.
The Senate
The Senate of Westarctica is a body of legislators selected from among citizens of Westarctica. It forms the lower portion and general start of the legislative process in Westarctica. Its primary function is to create and pass laws, while aiding in good governance.
Proposals for new laws may be submitted by either a senator or the Prime Minister. Proposed laws must receive a simple majority assent of the total number of seats in the Senate to pass. Proposals that have passed the Senate are then reviewed by the Prime Minister for either approval or denial. Those proposals the Prime Minister approves are passed on to the Sovereign for potential approval and ratification into law.
Grand Ducal Court
The Grand Ducal Court serves as an independent judicial branch of the government. It is responsible for interpreting Laws of Westarctica and ensuring they are aligned with the Constitution of Westarctica.
The Grand Ducal Court may have no more than five Justices. They are appointed for life and may not hold any other position in the government during their tenure. The Chief Justice is the longest-tenured Justice on the Grand Ducal Court and is responsible for presiding over the Court. The Chief Justice serves on the Royal Council as a legal advisor to the Grand Duke, although they are still independent from the executive branch
Peerage
The Peerage of Westarctica comprises all noble titles created in Westarctica from 2004 to the present day. The institution is technically older than Westarctica itself, having come into existence when the first noble titles were created for citizens of the Achaean Territory of Antarctica in 2001.
Peers are recognized as having a voice in the nation's public debates, and their opinions, advice, and counsel, when offered, are to be taken into consideration by the Sovereign.
In 2023, management and oversight of the Peerage of Westarctica was brought under the Royal Household of Grand Duke Travis.
Military
- Main article: Westarctican Royal Guards
The Westarctican Royal Guards are Westarctica's military force. The Royal Guards primarily serve in a ceremonial capacity, although they are capable of combat actions as evidenced by the 2017 liberation of Calsahara, when the Guards successfully conquered a rival micronation on the Carrizo Plain of central California.
There is also a Naval Detachment of the Royal Guards which specialize in Command and Control (C2) training and operations.
Colonial Viceroys have the authority to create guard units in their territories, however, these units ultimately serve Westarctica and may be called into action on behalf of the nation when needed. This occurred during the Westarctica-Raphania War when the National Guard of Kolios was briefly activated, but not actually utilized for combat operations.
Many members of Westarctica's government, noble Peers, and citizenry are veterans of various world militaries, especially the U.S. Navy, U.S. Army, and U.S Air Force.
Foreign affairs
- Main article: Foreign relations of Westarctica
In May 2005, Westarctica entered into its first international agreement, a treaty of friendship and recognition with the Republic of Molossia. This treaty became the go-to template for treaties of many other micronations, and portions of the text can still be found in micronational treaties to this day. Since then, Westarctica has signed treaties of friendship and recognition with dozens of other micronations from around the world.
Westarctica's foreign affairs are managed by the Foreign Minister.
The Honorary Consuls are volunteers who serve as representatives of the government of Westarctica in their home countries. They are expected to liaison with other citizens of Westarctica who either reside in their same geographic area or speak their same language. When official diplomatic events occur in their region, the Consuls may be asked to represent Westarctica's interests at these functions.
Relations with other micronations
As the country's Head of State, Grand Duke Travis has undertaken nearly 100 in-person interactions with leaders of other micronations since he first founded Westarctica in 2001. He has visited the sovereign territory of 12 micronations (as of March 2024), including multiple visits to Vikesland, Republic of Molossia, and the Molossian province of Desert Homestead.
Representatives of Westarctica have also attended numerous international summits of micronations, including every MicroCon event since 2015 and the 2019 GUM Summit, among many others.
Multi-state pacts
Westarctica is a party to several intermicronational pacts which have helped craft its relationships with foreign countries. These pacts are considered an important part of Westarctica's foreign affairs program and are entered into on an infrequent basis.
- West-Antarctic Treaty
- West-Antarctic Free Alliance
- Antarctic Micronational Union
- Conference of Santiago
Relations with UN-member states
Since January 2015, Westarctica has enjoyed non-consultative status as a member of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs - NGO Branch. In this capacity, representatives from Westarctica have participated in annual planning sessions with other NGOs to create and implement Sustainable Development Goals on a global scale.
Although Grand Duke Travis has sent nearly a hundred letters to leaders and ministers of foreign governments, only a few have ever replied, including King Norodom Sihamoni of Cambodia in 2020 and Valery Lukin, head of Russia's Antarctic program in 2015.
Law in Westarctica
The Constitution of Westarctica is the highest law of Westarctica.
Grand Ducal Court decisions can clarify the implementation of the Constitution and other laws, and are considered an extension of the implementation of the law. These may be rendered obsolete by Constitutional Amendment or a more recent ruling on the same matter (not within a period of five years of the previous ruling).
Westarctican Ordinances originate in the Senate of Westarctica before approval by the Prime Minister's office. Westarctican Ordinances carry the prefix WO and are numbered sequentially by the year they were created.
Royal Decrees are official proclamations from the Sovereign. As laws, they are considered to be of lower authority to Westarctican Ordinances, but are the primary means of codifying matters which fall entirely under Grand Ducal authority.
Rights of the LGBTQ community are considered of high importance and protections for them are enshrined in Westarctica's legal codes.
Culture of Westarctica
Westarctica has a historically diverse and rich cultural heritage with people from all walks of life, countries, and languages coming together to fight to save the melting ice caps.
Literature, music, and art are cherished by Westarctica's citizens and a Minister of Culture is responsible for managing programs to encourage these pursuits among the population. These programs also serve as opportunities to share Westarctica's culture with outsiders.
Clothing in Westarctica is generally formal and has long been dominated by militaristic cultural influences, although Connecticut Casual is often used for informal events or situations necessitating more comfortable attire such as during the annual Royal Polo Match.
Holidays in Westarctica
There are three types of holidays in Westarctica, each holding a different level of importance for the nation.
- National Holidays (9) - These dates are considered to be the most significant, and will be handled as closure days for the government, as much as is possible.
- Cultural Holidays (10) - These dates are not given any official preference in Westarctica.
- Days of Observance (9) - While not explicitly holidays, these days commemorate people and events of significance to Westarctica.
Religion in Westarctica
The role of religion in Westarctica is currently an area of only limited social concern by the country's government and peoples. Westarctica distinguishes itself from many other sovereign nations in that it does not place religious restrictions nor enforce religious laws or edicts on any of its citizens, nor does it limit the availability of diplomatic visas for entry or exit from the country's borders for religious reasons. However, previously, religion played a very significant role in the shaping of Westarctica's national character.
On 20 December 2018, Grand Duke Travis informed the Royal Council that he had approved the creation of a ecumenical church in Westarctica. The Ecumenical Church of Westarctica is not a state church, nor does it represent an official religious position of the nation. It was officially incorporated as a church on 25 December 2018, however no activity has come from the church since its inception.
Orders of chivalry
The Orders of Westarctica are a series of awards (also called "honors") created to recognize exceptional achievements related to the nation of Westarctica, reward dedication and service to the Crown or government, and strengthen bonds of friendship between Westarctica and its foreign allies.
Complete name | Ranks | Ribbon | Established | Criteria |
---|---|---|---|---|
Illustrious Antarctic Order of the Orca | Knight/Dame | 10 July 2019 | Recognition of lifetime service to Westarctica | |
Order of the Snowflake | Knight/Dame Grand Cross Knight/Dame Grand Commander Knight/Dame Commander Knight/Dame |
27 January 2015 | Services to Westarctica, exceptional achievement related to Westarctica's national goals, friendship of foreign allies | |
Noble Order of Westarctica | Knight Companion |
1 August 2004 | Recognizing exceptional nobility in monarchs and peers | |
Order of the Desert Heart | Grand Knight/Dame Commander Knight/Dame Commander Knight/Dame |
20 November 2009 | Services to Calsahara or recognition of foreign leaders | |
Order of the Polar Cross | Knight/Dame | 18 July 2022 | Friendship and diplomacy among micronations | |
Noble Order of the Sword | Knight/Dame Commander Knight/Dame |
2 April 2005 | Military achievement | |
Legion of Peace | General of the Legion Legionnaire |
20 November 2009 | The promotion of peace |
National symbols
- Main article: National Symbols of Westarctica